in hockey, a contract signed by a young amateur agreeing to play for a specified professional team and for that team only.
Go to full entry >that part of United Canada [1841-1867] which was formerly the Province of Lower Canada, embraced in present-day Quebec.
Go to full entry >prunes (originally so called in derision by railway work gangs).
Go to full entry >that part of United Canada [1841-1867] which was formerly the Province of Upper Canada.
Go to full entry >n. a depressed area on the east side of downtown Toronto, so called from the supposed diet of its impoverished Anglo-Saxon population.
Go to full entry >n. a domed structure of mud, sticks, stones, etc. built as a rule in a beaver pond behind the dam and used as a den by a family of beavers.
Go to full entry >in rafting lumber, that portion of a large raft on which the rafters' shanty and cook-house or the foreman's quarters were built.
Go to full entry >n. surliness and bad temper resulting from being confined with someone else in a small, isolated cabin.
Go to full entry >1 n. a French-Canadian wooden coastal vessel ranging from 50 to 500 tons.
Expand + | Go to full entry >n. a name proposed for a British province incorporating the general area of the Atlantic Provinces.
Go to full entry >1 n. the pronghorn, Antilocapra americana, of the southern prairies.
Expand + | Go to full entry >n. originally, a light open sleigh used in French Canada, drawn by one or two horses (sometimes by dogs), and having a seat for the driver.
Go to full entry >n. a monster sea-serpent supposed to frequent the waters off Victoria, B.C.
Go to full entry >a raft equipped with a windlass driven by horse-power and having the function of drawing, by means of a cable, booms of logs to a desired anchoring spot.
Go to full entry >n. one of a series of depressions and ridges caused by impacted snow on a winter road, a source of much jolting and bouncing to passengers in sleighs, carioles, etc.
Go to full entry >1 n. a two-wheeled one-horse carriage, built to carry two passengers and having a seat on the splashboard for the driver. Nowadays the calèche is mainly used for sight-seeing tours in Quebec City and Montreal.
Go to full entry >a stick notched each day to keep track of the date, used by trappers and others isolated in the wilderness.
Go to full entry >a mixture of tomato juice and beer, a drink associated with Calgary, Alberta, and the surrounding area.
Go to full entry >the chum or dog salmon of the Pacific coast, so called because of its mottled summer coloring.
Go to full entry >1 v. call game by imitating their cries, either by mouth or by instrument.
Expand + | Go to full entry >n. a person who chants or calls out the changes or movements for square dances.
Go to full entry >1 n. the practice or method of hunting by luring game with simulated calls.
Expand + | Go to full entry >a small mammal of the genus Ochotona, found in the western mountain region.
Go to full entry >n. an ornamented ceremonial pipe, used by certain Indian tribes as a symbol of peace and adopted by the white traders in their dealings with these Indians.
Go to full entry >among Ottawa Valley lumbermen, fear of riding a crib of logs down the slide at Calumet, Quebec.
Go to full entry >an ornamented ceremonial pipe, used by certain Indian tribes as a symbol of peace and adopted by the white traders in their dealings with these Indians.
Go to full entry >1 n. a two-wheeled one-horse carriage, built to carry two passengers and having a seat on the splashboard for the driver. Nowadays the calèche is mainly used for sight-seeing tours in Quebec City and Montreal.
Expand + | Go to full entry >n. a plant of the hyacinth family having blue flowers and a nutritious white bulb, used as a staple food by the Indians of the western prairies (Camassia hyacinthina) and of the Pacific coast (Camassia quamash).
Go to full entry >a kind of caravan or caboose (def. 4) used on the open range by sheepherders, cowhands, etc.
Go to full entry >a group of traders sent to visit Indian hunting camps to trade for furs.
Go to full entry >n. in a trapping area, an Indian sub-trader who receives a stock of goods on commission and trades with his fellows as agent for the white trader.
Go to full entry >1 n. a stopping place set aside for people to make camp in, usually operated and maintained by the government.
Expand + | Go to full entry >1 the clear resin of the balsam fir, much used as a cement in optical work, formerly used widely as a balm on cuts and minor wounds, and once popular as a chewing gum.
Expand + | Go to full entry >in Lower Canada, a unit of dry measure equal to 1.07 Imperial bushels.
Go to full entry >n. the loyalist Indians from the Six Nations and certain other tribes who supported the British during the American Revolution.
Go to full entry >a statutory holiday celebrated annually on July 1 in commemoration of the creation of the Dominion of Canada, July 1, 1867.
Go to full entry >that part of United Canada [1841-1867] which was formerly the Province of Lower Canada, embraced in present-day Quebec.
Go to full entry >a post-confederation nationalist movement which urged greater political attention to domestic problems in Canada as opposed to the current pre-occupation with such matters as British trade preference and the reciprocity issue with the United States.
Go to full entry >a post-confederation nationalist movement which urged greater political attention to domestic problems in Canada as opposed to the current pre-occupation with such matters as British trade preference and the reciprocity issue with the United States.
Go to full entry >a kind of large gray goose, Branta canadensis, with a black head and neck and white cheek patches.
Go to full entry >a grouse, Canachites canadensis, dark gray barred with black, found in swampy woods.
Go to full entry >a kind of large gray goose, Branta canadensis, with a black head and neck and white cheek patches.
Go to full entry >a North American wildcat, Lynx canadensis, having prominently tufted ears, large cushioned paws, and a black tail-tip.
Go to full entry >the abortive rebellion in Upper Canada in 1837-38, led by William Lyon Mackenzie.
Go to full entry >a trader from Quebec other than a Hudson's Bay man, especially a Northwester (def. la).
Go to full entry >that part of United Canada [1841-1867] which was formerly the Province of Upper Canada.
Go to full entry >whisky distilled in Canada; specifically, blended whisky derived mainly from rye, and called "rye" by Canadians.
Go to full entry >1a adj. of or having to do with French Canadians; French-Canadian.
Expand + | Go to full entry >1 n. one of the aboriginal inhabitants of Canada; an Indian or Eskimo.
Expand + | Go to full entry >1 the clear resin of the balsam fir, much used as a cement in optical work, formerly used widely as a balm on cuts and minor wounds, and once popular as a chewing gum.
Expand + | Go to full entry >a colorful sash, 4 to 6 inches wide and 8 to 10 feet long, so called because the best such sashes were made in L'Assomption, Quebec, and widely distributed as trade goods by the fur companies, especially in the design known as the arrow sash.
Go to full entry >one of the French-Canadian folksongs sung by the voyageurs; work song.
Go to full entry >a French-Canadian crewman in a river craft, especially a voyageur
Go to full entry >1 n. a breed of sturdy, black draught horse developed in Quebec from stock brought to Canada by early French settlers.
Expand + | Go to full entry >a crude cart having two large wheels and a platform with sides of upright poles and cross-pieces, drawn by a horse or ox.
Go to full entry >a breed of small cattle developed in Quebec from stock brought to Canada by early French settlers.
Go to full entry >a gray, homespun woolen cloth originally associated with the habitants of French Canada.
Go to full entry >a serviceable hooded greatcoat of blanket cloth, moosehide, or other material, long the standard wear among traders and trappers in the North, who took this warm garment over from the habitants and voyageurs of New France.
Go to full entry >1 before 1867, the Constitutional Act of 1791 and the Union Act of 1841.
Expand + | Go to full entry >a breed of small cattle developed in Quebec from stock brought to Canada by early French settlers.
Go to full entry >the kind of English spoken in Canada by English-speaking Canadians.
Go to full entry >a game derived from "rugger" (or rugby, a name still frequently used for the game in Canada), played by two teams of twelve men each on a field 110 by 65 yards; also, the organized activity of games, players, officials, etc.
Go to full entry >1 The French-speaking people of Canada, especially those of Quebec.
Expand + | Go to full entry >a kind of large gray goose, Branta canadensis, with a black head and neck and white cheek patches.
Go to full entry >a gray, homespun woollen cloth originally associated with the habitants of French Canada.
Go to full entry >a person of mixed Indian and European, especially French, parentage; half-breed.
Go to full entry >a kind of large gray goose, Branta canadensis, with a black head and neck and white cheek patches.
Go to full entry >a breed of sturdy, black draught horse developed in Quebec from stock brought to Canada by early French settlers.
Go to full entry >a breed of small cattle developed in Quebec from stock brought to Canada by early French settlers.
Go to full entry >the eastern part of Labrador, that which borders on the Atlantic Ocean, part of Newfoundland since 1927.
Go to full entry >an old linear measure of French Canada, approximately 3 miles and 110 yards.
Go to full entry >a North American wildcat, Lynx canadensis, having prominently tufted ears, large cushioned paws, and a black tail-tip.
Go to full entry >in the 19th century, and still in historical reference, the vast area laying west and north of Upper Canada (Ontario), including the present prairie provinces and the territories to the north, exclusive of the colony of British Columbia; in present use, the northern territories and the adjacent areas of the western provinces and northern British Columbia.
Go to full entry >a partridge-like game bird, Bonasa umbellus, occurring in many subspecies across Canada.
Go to full entry >1 a political group devoted to the interests of the French Canadians, as opposed to the British ruling party.
Expand + | Go to full entry >A breed of sturdy, black draught horse developed in Quebec from stock brought to Canada by early French settlers.
Go to full entry >the abortive rebellion in Upper Canada in 1837-38, led by William Lyon Mackenzie.
Go to full entry >following the Rebellion of 1837, expatriated rebels who found asylum in the United States.
Go to full entry >a vast area of mineral-rich, mostly granitic, Pre-Cambrian rock surrounding Hudson Bay and extending as far southward as the Great Lakes.
Go to full entry >a kind of sturdy moccasin having uppers reaching well up the lower leg; shoe pack (def. 1).
Go to full entry >a large freight-carrying sled designed in Canada and used in tractor trains.
Go to full entry >a trader from Quebec other than a Hudson's Bay man, especially a Northwester (def. la).
Go to full entry >one of the canoemen or boatmen, usually a French Canadian, Orkneyman, Indian, or Métis, who crewed the vessels of the inland fur trade.
Go to full entry >one of the canoemen or boatmen, usually a French Canadian, Orkneyman, Indian, or Métis, who crewed the vessels of the inland fur trade.
Go to full entry >from the late 19th century, the general area of the Prairie Provinces.
Go to full entry >whisky distilled in Canada; specifically, blended whisky derived mainly from rye, and called "rye" by Canadians.
Go to full entry >adj. a Canadian who speaks English and who is identified with English Canada.
Go to full entry >1 n. things Canadian in a collective sense, especially any collection of literature, records, journals, or letters related to Canadian history and traditions.
Expand + | Go to full entry >1a n. support for or devotion to the concept of Canada as a separate and distinct nation.
Expand + | Go to full entry >1 n. the process of bringing persons to adopt Canadian customs, language, and traditions so that they may identify themselves as Canadians.
Expand + | Go to full entry >1a v. cause to become Canadian in customs, language, and traditions.
Expand + | Go to full entry >a strip of public land set aside for the construction of the Rideau canal between Kingston and Ottawa.
Go to full entry >n. disintegrating ice consisting of prisms formed perpendicular to the original ice surface; also, one of these prisms.
Go to full entry >n. a small fish, Thaleicthys pacificus, of the smelt family, native to the Pacific coast. See 1877 quote.
Go to full entry >n. a secret society among some of the Indians of the Pacific northwest; Hamatsa Society.
Go to full entry >a kind of bunk placed in banks at right angles to the wall so that the user must crawl in head first and out feet first (as in charging a muzzle-loading gun).
Go to full entry >1 n. any of the various light watercraft propelled by paddles, including the birchbark canoe and more modern craft of similar design. See picture at sturgeon-nosed canoe.
Expand + | Go to full entry >a building for sheltering, making, repairing, and storing canoes, one of the essentials of many fur-trade posts.
Go to full entry >a convoy of canoes engaged in transporting trade goods to and furs from the inland trading posts.
Go to full entry >a building for sheltering, making, repairing, and storing canoes, one of the essentials of many fur-trade posts.
Go to full entry >a wood-working knife usually having a crooked handle and, often, a hook at one end of the blade, used widely in the north, especially by the Indians, for making snowshoes, fur stretchers, canoes, and all woodwork. See picture at crooked knife.
Go to full entry >a long pole, often tipped with iron or steel, used for pushing or guiding a canoe or other boat in narrow or shallow streams.
Go to full entry >a pair of brackets, consisting of two poles thrust horizontally into a river bank, each supported by a vertical stake, placed sufficiently far apart to support a canoe.
Go to full entry >a water route regularly used by canoes, especially by those of the canoe brigades.
Go to full entry >a water route regularly used by canoes, especially by those of the canoe brigades.
Go to full entry >a building for sheltering, making, repairing, and storing canoes, one of the essentials of many fur-trade posts.
Go to full entry >a song or chanson, especially as sung by French-Canadian canoemen as they plied their paddles; boat song.
Go to full entry >a water route regularly used by canoes, especially by those of the canoe brigades.
Go to full entry >1 n. one of the canoemen or boatmen, usually a French Canadian, Orkneyman, Indian, or Métis, who crewed the vessels of the inland fur trade.
Expand + | Go to full entry >a fast light canoe (def. 1) used by the fur-traders for speedy delivery of officials, communications, correspondence, and special goods.
Go to full entry >a birchbark canoe about 30 feet long and capable of carrying two tons of freight in addition to its ten-man crew.
Go to full entry >a fast light canoe (def. 1) used by the fur-traders for speedy delivery of officials, communications, correspondence, and special goods.
Go to full entry >a large freight canoe, measuring about 40 feet and capable of carrying 4 to 5 tons, used for the voyage from Montreal to the Grand Portage. See picture at Montreal canoe.
Go to full entry >a birchbark canoe 25 to 35 feet long, 5 to 6 feet wide, and 2 to 21 feet deep, capable of carrying some 11 to 2 tons of goods, a crew of 8 or 9, and 2 or 3 passengers, used primarily on the waterways north and west of Lake Superior.
Go to full entry >a fast light canoe (def. 1) used by the fur-traders for speedy delivery of officials, communications, correspondence, and special goods.
Go to full entry >n. a pole having at the lower end a steel device consisting of an arm equipped with a sharp, hooked point which, when the arm is slipped over a log, permits the user to roll, lever, or to otherwise direct the log.
Go to full entry >n. a follower of Raoul Caouette, leader of the Ralliement des Créditistes in the House of Commons during the 1960's.
Go to full entry >a type of rain hat having a broad back flap, usually worn with an oilskin raincoat.
Go to full entry >n. in Canada, murder punishable by hanging, such as premeditated murder or the killing of a policeman, as opposed to non-capital murder.
Go to full entry >a small, edible marine fish, Mallotus villosus, much used as bait by cod fishermen.
Go to full entry >the spring swarming of caplin, when large numbers of these fish come inshore to spawn; also, the time when this swarming takes place.
Go to full entry >1 n. a serviceable hooded greatcoat of blanket cloth, moosehide, or other material, long the standard wear among traders and trappers in the North, who took this warm garment over from the habitants and voyageurs of New France.
Expand + | Go to full entry >a serviceable hooded greatcoat of blanket cloth, moosehide, or other material, long the standard wear among traders and trappers in the North, who took this warm garment over from the habitants and voyageurs of New France.
Go to full entry >a gaudy garment or outfit of clothing presented to an Indian leader or "captain" (def. 2) as an inducement to trade furs.
Go to full entry >n. the hood of a capote; sometimes the entire garment. See picture at capote.
Go to full entry >n. any one of a number of shrubs of the genus Caragana, the Siberian pea, used widely in hedges on the prairies as a windbreak.
Go to full entry >1a n. the wolverine (def. la), a cunning robber of traps and caches, found in most parts of the Canadian forest.
Expand + | Go to full entry >a kind of paper currency issued in New France by the Intendant Bigot to meet the pay of the garrison while awaiting funds from France and made from playing cards which were cut in quarters, each quarter being marked as having a certain value and each being signed by the Governor and the Intendant.
Go to full entry >1 n. an extensive region in south-central British Columbia, originally that region between the junction of the Quesnel and Fraser Rivers and the Cariboo Mountains, but later, especially in popular usage, a much larger region, extending from Lillooet almost to Prince George.
Expand + | Go to full entry >an extensive region in south-central British Columbia, originally that region between the junction of the Quesnel and Fraser Rivers and the Cariboo Mountains, but later, especially in popular usage, a much larger region, extending from Lillooet almost to Prince George.
Go to full entry >a historic road from Yale to Barkerville, B.C., built in 1862-65 to facilitate travel to and from the gold fields.
Go to full entry >thick slippery mud, or gumbo, found in the creek valleys of the B.C. interior.
Go to full entry >a historic road from Yale to Barkerville, B.C., built in 1862-65 to facilitate travel to and from the gold fields.
Go to full entry >1 n. a person who went into the Cariboo Country during the gold rush, especially a placer miner.
Expand + | Go to full entry >1 n. any of several species of North American reindeer, genus Rangifer, native to Canada, Alaska, and formerly to Maine and Mass.
Expand + | Go to full entry >n. a tract of low-lying peat bog at one time frequented by caribou; savanna.
Go to full entry >n. a tract of low-lying peat bog at one time frequented by caribou; savanna.
Go to full entry >a shallow stretch in a river or lake where caribou habitually cross, often usable by man as a ford.
Go to full entry >any of several species of North American reindeer, genus Rangifer, native to Canada, Alaska, and formerly to Maine and Mass.
Go to full entry >a person whose principal food is caribou, specifically an Indian or Eskimo.
Go to full entry >n. one of a group of Eskimos living inland in the District of Keewatin, west of Hudson Bay.
Go to full entry >two converging lines of fencing, as poles, piles of turf or brush, etc., used in early times in deer drives.
Go to full entry >a whitish-gray lichen, Cladonia rangiferina, a staple food of the caribou.
Go to full entry >a tract of low-lying peat bog at one time frequented by caribou; savanna.
Go to full entry >the summer range of the mountain caribou in the mountainous regions of central and northern British Columbia.
Go to full entry >n. one of a group of Eskimos living inland in the District of Keewatin, west of Hudson Bay.
Go to full entry >1a n. originally, a light open sleigh used in French Canada, drawn by one or two horses (sometimes by dogs), and having a seat for the driver.
Expand + | Go to full entry >n. driving or riding in a cariole, especially a horse-drawn cariole; sleighing (def. 1).
Go to full entry >any of several species of North American reindeer, genus Rangifer, native to Canada, Alaska, and formerly to Maine and Mass.
Go to full entry >1 n. the act or process of carrying canoes, boats, supplies, etc. at such a place.
Expand + | Go to full entry >n. a person who took trading goods inland and carried furs back to a post.
Go to full entry >n. a collapsible, portable cast-iron stove originally made at the Carron Iron Works in Scotland.
Go to full entry >tobacco packaged in carrot-shaped bundles wrapped in cloth and twine, weighing about three pounds and about eighteen inches long, prominent among trade goods of the fur companies.
Go to full entry >1 n. the act or process of carrying canoes, boats, supplies, etc. at such a place.
Expand + | Go to full entry >n. on a waterway, a place where both canoe (or other vessel) and cargo are carried from one lake or river to another or around rapids, falls, or other obstructions.
Go to full entry >1 n. a light passenger sleigh usually accommodating two passengers and a driver, ordinarily drawn by two horses and widely used for pleasure in many parts of Canada from the 18th to the early 20th century.
Expand + | Go to full entry >on a waterway, a place where both canoe (or other vessel) and cargo are carried from one lake or river to another or around rapids, falls, or other obstructions.
Go to full entry >n. a kind of harness for carrying heavy loads, drawing on a tracking line, etc., consisting of a leather strap that is broad at the middle and tapers at both ends, the broad band being placed around the forehead (or chest) and the two ends attached to the pack or other load. See picture at trumpline.
Go to full entry >n. a brigade of Red River carts, carrying furs, supplies, trading goods, personal effects, etc.
Go to full entry >in the old Northwest, a track travelled by or intended for the use of a cart brigade.
Go to full entry >a brigade of Red River carts, carrying furs, supplies, trading goods, personal effects, etc.
Go to full entry >1 a kind of knife traded to the Indians by the Hudson's Bay Company.
Go to full entry >v. skin (an animal) without slitting the hide; prepare (a pelt) by case-skinning.
Go to full entry >the skin of the Canada lynx, so called because the pelt was removed by case-skinning.
Go to full entry >a small wolf, Canis latrans, usually associated with the prairies but found across Canada, mainly in the region south of the range of the larger timber wolf.
Go to full entry >n. the process of removing an animal's pelt by peeling it off without slitting the body (much as a sock is removed from a foot); box-skinning.
Go to full entry >a settled area where money is the usual medium of exchange, as opposed to a backwoods area, where barter is usual.
Go to full entry >a trade tomahawk with a metal, hatchet-shaped head, the poll of which forms a tobacco pipe, smoke being drawn through the hollow stem, used for ceremony and show.
Go to full entry >n. a birch-bark box used for collecting the sap of the sugar maple, and also for storing maple syrup and maple sugar.
Go to full entry >n. a strong, light, waterproof box used among the fur traders for carrying personal effects.
Go to full entry >n. rolls or blocks of wet clay used as bricks in the building of one kind of chimney in colonial times.
Go to full entry >a person who drives a caterpillar tractor or a bulldozer; catskinner (def. 1).
Go to full entry >n. among trappers, a protective housing placed over a trap or a bait; trap-house.
Go to full entry >n. a tractor-drawn train of sleds and cabooses (def. 5), the principal means of transporting freight, supplies, etc. in the Canadian North in winter.
Go to full entry >n. a tractor-drawn train of sleds and cabooses (def. 5), the principal means of transporting freight, supplies, etc. in the Canadian North in winter.
Go to full entry >1 v. join two boats or kayaks together to gain stability in rough water.
Expand + | Go to full entry >1 n. any of various wild cats, especially the lynx or the cougar.
Expand + | Go to full entry >v. of a body of water, freeze over, especially to a degree to permit travel over the surface
Go to full entry >n. a tractor-drawn train of sleds and cabooses (def. 5), the principal means of transporting freight, supplies, etc. in the Canadian North
Go to full entry >n. any of a number of North American fish, family letaluridae, having barbels suggesting a cat's whiskers.
Go to full entry >a municipal official responsible for the proper control of cattle in the community.
Go to full entry >n. a narrow platform running the length of a boxcar to facilitate walking on the roof.
Go to full entry >the churning, seething mass of white water at the foot of a cataract.
Go to full entry >1 n. one of a number of sharp spikes set into an iron plate that fits over a shoe or boot, or set in the sole of the boot itself; also, the fitted patten.
Expand + | Go to full entry >1 a strong boot the sole of which is studded with steel spikes, or caulks, used by loggers to keep from slipping on wet or sloping logs.
Expand + | Go to full entry >1 a strong boot the sole of which is studded with steel spikes, or caulks, used by loggers to keep from slipping on wet or sloping logs.
Expand + | Go to full entry >n. Originally, a wild pony, a mustang; later generalized in the West as a name for any horse, often with a derogatory or contemptuous connotation.
Go to full entry >a light, seaworthy canoe made of cedar and capable of carrying a sail.
Go to full entry >a roof timber of half a cedar log, the inner part of which is scooped out to form a trough.
Go to full entry >a thick shingle split from cedar used to roof cabins and other buildings.
Go to full entry >n. a belt or waistband, often of worsted and of bright design, as the L'Assomption sash, characteristic of French Canada and long identified with the voyageurs and Métis.
Go to full entry >a kind of sash, having an arrowlike design woven into it. See picture at L'Assomption sash.
Go to full entry >n. the right of collecting cens et rentes and other feudal dues; the income from such payments; the seigneury or fief from which such income accrues.
Go to full entry >n. a bronze coin valued at one hundredth part of a Canadian dollar, adopted officially as Canadian currency in 1858; also, the value of this coin.
Go to full entry >in Alberta, a centrally located rural school accommodating the pupils from several older, smaller country schools in the district.
Go to full entry >in hockey or lacrosse, the team position between the two wings in the forward line; the person playing this position.
Go to full entry >in hockey or lacrosse, act as centre for two wingers; to play as the centre man in the forward line.
Go to full entry >the middle building of the three that make up the Parliament Buildings in Ottawa; the building in which the Commons and the Senate chambers are located.
Go to full entry >the centre strip of grass, concrete, etc. separating the lines of traffic on a highway or street; median.
Go to full entry >the general area midway between the ends of the rink, specifically the central point of the ice surface, where the puck is faced off at the start of a period and after each goal.
Go to full entry >n. in hockey or lacrosse, the team position between the two wings in the forward line; the person playing this position.
Go to full entry >a parade square; specifically, in late use, a place in Montreal which was formerly a parade square.
Go to full entry >n. a breed of white poultry developed by the Trappist monks at Oka, Quebec.
Go to full entry >n. the normal load carried by a voyageur on a portage, usually two pieces of ninety pounds each.
Go to full entry >n. an illegal check involving a direct, forward-moving attack of more than two steps or strides against an opponent's person in an attempt to take him out of the play.
Go to full entry >unroll one's charity bandage, display sympathy; find excuses (for someone else's shortcomings).
Go to full entry >the initial convention relating to the proposed union of the British North American Provinces, held at Charlottetown in 1864.
Go to full entry >n. a two-wheeled cart related to, and probably the model for, the Red River cart.
Go to full entry >n. a North American wildcat, Lynx canadensis, having prominently tufted ears, large cushioned paws, and a black tail-tip.
Go to full entry >n. the churning, seething mass of white water at the foot of a cataract.
Go to full entry >a penalty imposed for an illegal action carried out in retaliation; a pointless penalty.
Go to full entry >a wedge-shaped steel or wooden block placed on the bunks of cars to prevent the loaded logs from rocking.
Go to full entry >a small cheese-making plant making use of milk produced on local farms.
Go to full entry >an infusion of twigs of the wild cherry, prepared by certain Indian tribes.
Go to full entry >n. a long upholstered seat or couch having back and arms and often forming part of a suite; sofa.
Go to full entry >a capacious upholstered chair forming part of a chesterfield suite.
Go to full entry >a set of upholstered furniture comprising a chesterfield and one or two large chairs.
Go to full entry >a long, low table for placing in front of a chesterfield; a coffee table.
Go to full entry >n. a light, seaworthy canoe made of cedar and capable of carrying a sail.
Go to full entry >n. a grouse, Tympanuchus cupido americanus, common on the southern prairies.
Go to full entry >n. an industrious leader of a band of Indian hunters, rewarded with coat, tall hat, trousers, and flag, as symbols of headship.
Go to full entry >a government official who is responsible for the organization and operation of federal elections in Canada.
Go to full entry >a senior commissioned officer who was in charge of a main post and usually a department or district, especially of the Hudson's Bay Company.
Go to full entry >a commissioned officer a grade lower than a chief factor, and usually in charge of a trading post.
Go to full entry >a D-shaped blanket woven of mountain goat wool with a warp of yellow cedar bark, into which are worked symbolic designs, originally made by the Chilcat Indians and later adopted by other tribes of the west coast.
Go to full entry >a cap for the exterior end of a stovepipe, designed to shed rain and snow.
Go to full entry >a restaurant operated by a Chinese, especially one of the small cafés that are found, particularly in the West, in most Canadian small towns.
Go to full entry >an independent rite of Masons established about 1869 in Barkerville, B.C. and having roots deep in Chinese tradition.
Go to full entry >a restaurant operated by a Chinese, especially one of the small cafés that are found, particularly in the West, in most Canadian small towns.
Go to full entry >in placer-mining areas, ore deposits of low concentration, so called because Chinese often worked such deposits.
Go to full entry >1 n. (one of) a relatively small group of Indians who lived north of the Columbia River on the Pacific Coast.
Expand + | Go to full entry >a cloud formation that often attends or presages the Chinook winds, observed as an archlike strip of blue sky above the western horizon, often between the peaks of the Rockies and the surrounding overcast.
Go to full entry >that part of southern Alberta and Saskatchewan most influenced by Chinook winds.
Go to full entry >a large dugout canoe used by the Indians of S.W. British Columbia and N.W. Washington.
Go to full entry >the cloud was (lenticularis) forming the leading or western edge of the Chinook arch, the constant movement of which is caused by the rising and falling air currents of the Chinook winds pouring over the crest of the Rockies.
Go to full entry >a kind of malaise resembling spring fever, said to be felt by newcomers in Calgary during the balmy winter days brought on by the Chinook winds.
Go to full entry >a relatively simple trade language used by the Indians of the Pacific Coast in their dealings with whites and Indians of other tribes, based on the language of the Chinook Indians; words from Nootka, Salish, French, English, and other languages were adapted to the jargon.
Go to full entry >a large salmon, Onchorhynchus tshawytscha, of the Pacific Coast, much valued as a game fish.
Go to full entry >a set of signs used for writing and printing Chinook Jargon, adapted about 1891 from a French (Duployé) system of shorthand and used as late as 1910.
Go to full entry >a sky characterized by the striking cloud formations framing the Chinook arch.
Go to full entry >a warm, usually dry, west or southwest wind, commonest during winter and spring, that moderates the weather in the region east of the Rockies, including much of the western prairies on occasion, but regularly in the foothills from the Peace River to Colorado.
Go to full entry >n. a cake of dried buffalo or, later, cow dung, formerly much used on the prairies for fuel.
Go to full entry >n. any one of several small striped rodents, resembling squirrels, of the family Sciuridae.
Go to full entry >a penalty imposed for an illegal action carried out in retaliation; a pointless penalty.
Go to full entry >n. any one of several small striped rodents, resembling squirrels, of the family Sciuridae.
Go to full entry >n. pl. "chicken" halibut; small halibut, Hippoglossus stenolepis, up to ten pounds in weight.
Go to full entry >1 n. an astringent wild cherry of the genus Prunus, especially P. virginianus.
Expand + | Go to full entry >1 n. the practice of temporarily choking off with a rope the breath of a horse floundering in water so that it will not take water into the lungs and drown.
Expand + | Go to full entry >1 n. a man employed to fell trees and clear bush land for cultivation.
Expand + | Go to full entry >1 n. the operation of cutting down trees in clearing a farm in the bush.
Expand + | Go to full entry >1 a communal land-clearing accompanied or followed by eating, drinking, and dancing.
Expand + | Go to full entry >n. a derogatory name given to the French-Canadian supporters of the British governing group in Lower Canada.
Go to full entry >a party held at Christmastime and sponsored by a church, school, etc.
Go to full entry >a farm devoted to the growing of evergreen trees to supply the demand for Christmas trees.
Go to full entry >the wagon, horses, driver, outriders, and equipment constituting an entry in a chuckwagon race.
Go to full entry >1 a wagon used by ranch hands for carrying cooking gear and provisions needed while camping on the trail or on the open range.
Expand + | Go to full entry >a type of race popular at the stampedes and rodeos of Western Canada. See 1950 quote.
Go to full entry >n. one of two men who join forces on the trail or in the bush, as two trappers who always work together.
Go to full entry >n. one of two men who join forces on the trail or in the bush, as two trappers who always work together.
Go to full entry >in some churches, the room or rooms used for social gatherings, as a waiting room, etc.
Go to full entry >the name given to the governing class in Lower Canada after 1791, comprising the English officials and the French seigneurs and leaders who supported their policies.
Go to full entry >the Château St. Louis (or Lewis) in Quebec City, the former residence of the Governors of Quebec.
Go to full entry >1 n. in colonial Canada, an electoral district; riding; constituency.
Expand + | Go to full entry >n. any of several varieties of whitefish, Leucichthys sp., especially L. artedi, found in central and northern Canada.
Go to full entry >a person who, though not a union member, pickets in sympathy with union members forbidden to picket by injunction.
Go to full entry >the building in which a City Hall and other municipal offices are located.
Go to full entry >in colonial Canada, a list of monies to be appropriated for the civil administration of a province, including the salaries of the governor, executive councillors, judges, civil servants, under the control of the British Parliament.
Go to full entry >n. one of the large chunks of ice that pile up on the shore, especially during spring break-up.
Go to full entry >an educational establishment at the secondary-school and college levels that offers a seven- or eight-year course, mainly in the classics and liberal arts, leading to the B.A. degree, which is conferred by the university to which the college is affiliated. The Séminaire de Québec, founded in 1663, was the first classical college.
Go to full entry >a large tract of land in Northern Ontario and Quebec lying south of James Bay and north of the Laurentian Plateau.
Go to full entry >rolls or blocks of wet clay used as bricks in the building of one kind of chimney in colonial times.
Go to full entry >a supporter of the movement which took form as the Clear Grit Party; an adherent of the Clear Grit Party.
Go to full entry >a liberal reform party in Upper Canada, beginning as a faction of the Reform party in the late 1840's and fielding candidates in the elections of the 1850's and ultimately merging with the Liberal Party, which is still known informally as the Grits.
Go to full entry >the principles and policies of the Clear Grits; the platform of the Clear Grit Party.
Go to full entry >n. a tract of bushland cleared for cultivation or settlement; also, a settlement on such land.
Go to full entry >a forward pass of the puck intended to get it out of the defending team's end of the rink.
Go to full entry >those lands, comprising one-seventh of each township in Upper Canada and parts of Lower Canada, reserved by the Crown in the Canada Act of 1791 for the support and maintenance of the clergy of the Church of England.
Go to full entry >those lands, comprising one-seventh of each township in Upper Canada and parts of Lower Canada, reserved by the Crown in the Canada Act of 1791 for the support and maintenance of the clergy of the Church of England.
Go to full entry >1 a lot or subdivision of land belonging to the Clergy Reserves.
Expand + | Go to full entry >those lands, comprising one-seventh of each township in Upper Canada and parts of Lower Canada, reserved by the Crown in the Canada Act of 1791 for the support and maintenance of the clergy of the Church of England.
Go to full entry >a lot or subdivision of land belonging to the Clergy Reserves.
Go to full entry >1 n. a junior officer of a company, often appointed to the charge of a small trading post; occasionally in charge of a substantial district.
Expand + | Go to full entry >n. a gaudy outfit (tall hat, coat laced with tinsel, and so on) presented to the leading hunter of a band as an inducement to bring in more fur.
Go to full entry >n. the two shells of a scallop still joined at the hinge after the scallop has died naturally.
Go to full entry >in hockey and lacrosse, a goal scored at a crucial time in the play, that is, when needed to decide or tie the game.
Go to full entry >a farmer-labor-socialist party founded 30 July, 1932, in Calgary, Alberta, its original principles being embodied in the Regina Manifesto. The party was best known as the C.C.F. and was superseded in the early 1960's by the New Democratic Party.
Go to full entry >a tract of land on which a company or an individual had the legal right to mine coal.
Go to full entry >a distillant of petroleum, used for heating, illumination, and various other purposes.
Go to full entry >an Indian living on the Pacific Coast of North America, especially north of the Columbia River.
Go to full entry >the spreading of news by word of mouth, originally by Indian runner.
Go to full entry >n. an Indian or Eskimo of the coast of Hudson Bay or the Arctic shore.
Go to full entry >n. the practice or pastime of sliding down a snow-covered hill, as on a sleigh or toboggan.
Go to full entry >n. Five to eight prime beaver skins, from which the guard hairs had been removed, sewn together to make a robe, worn by the Indians with the fur next to the body. The oil-impregnated fur (coat beaver) made excellent felt and was eagerly bought by the hat-makers.
Go to full entry >a device for the use of Cobalt-60 in the treatment of disease. See quotes.
Go to full entry >n. a waterside shed for gutting, heading, and salting fish to be dried on flakes.
Go to full entry >n. a large netted trap about 100 feet square, with a bottom, a door, and a leader to direct fish into the trap.
Go to full entry >n. a strong 18-thread line, used in cod fishing and also as an all-purpose cord.
Go to full entry >a rock that is curled into an open house or into the house without rubbing or knocking out another rock.
Go to full entry >n. in Indian mythology, the spirit responsible for cold weather; in later use, the north wind.
Go to full entry >the iron or twisted wire spike on the collar of a dog harness to which a string of ribbons, pompoms, or other decoration may be attached.
Go to full entry >a rodent, Dicrostonyx groenlandicus, of the Arctic, brown in summer and of a light color in winter.
Go to full entry >a farmer who has attended an agricultural college but has little practical experience.
Go to full entry >1 n. in Ontario, Manitoba, and Saskatchewan, a secondary school that meets certain provincial requirements with regard to curriculum, facilities, and specialist staff over and above those required in a high school.
Expand + | Go to full entry >in Ontario, a secondary school where pupils may undertake a program in either academic studies or vocational training in commercial courses and shop work.
Go to full entry >in Ontario, Manitoba, and Saskatchewan, a secondary school that meets certain provincial requirements with regard to curriculum, facilities, and specialist staff over and above those required in a high school.
Go to full entry >1 in Manitoba, a high school having special academic facilities and superior staff.
Expand + | Go to full entry >n. a kind of harness for carrying heavy loads, drawing on a tracking line, etc., consisting of a leather strap that is broad at the middle and tapers at both ends, the broad band being placed around the forehead (or chest) and the two ends attached to the pack or other load. See picture at tumpline.
Go to full entry >an educational establishment at the secondary-school and college levels that offers a seven- or eight-year course, mainly in the classics and liberal arts, leading to the B.A. degree, which is conferred by the university to which the college is affiliated. The Séminaire de Québec, founded in 1663, was the first classical college.
Go to full entry >the assembly of representatives from the various ridings or constituencies in Upper and Lower Canada, 1791-1841.
Go to full entry >1 n. a railway coach having wooden seats and rough berths for sleeping, sometimes also having cooking facilities
Expand + | Go to full entry >a railway coach having wooden seats and rough berths for sleeping, sometimes also having cooking facilities.
Go to full entry >a railway coach having wooden seats and rough berths for sleeping, sometimes also having cooking facilities.
Go to full entry >a company acting as an agent in bringing colonists to their destination in Canada.
Go to full entry >a road built into an unsettled area to make it accessible for settlement.
Go to full entry >a railway line built to facilitate the colonizing of unsettled areas; also, the company building or operating such a line.
Go to full entry >a railway line built to facilitate the colonizing of unsettled areas; also, the company building or operating such a line.
Go to full entry >land set aside for settlement, usually owned by a colonization company.
Go to full entry >a road built into an unsettled area to make it accessible for settlement.
Go to full entry >n. a settlement formed under the auspices of a land company or by a group of persons of the same nationality or religion, or having similar principles.
Go to full entry >1 n. the administrative district of the Hudson's Bay Company occupying approximately what are now Oregon, Washington, and southern British Columbia.
Expand + | Go to full entry >the administrative district of the Hudson's Bay Company occupying approximately what are now Oregon, Washington, and southern British Columbia.
Go to full entry >adj. associated with or characteristic of Columbia (def. 2), later British Columbia.
Go to full entry >1 n. an employee of the Hudson's Bay Company in the Columbia Department.
Expand + | Go to full entry >(in full, the Combines Investigation Act) legislation passed in 1911, re-enacted in 1923, and since revised periodically, permitting the government to control practices in restraint of trade arising from combines.
Go to full entry >play the superior, as if from York (Toronto); behave as if a superior.
Go to full entry >voyageurs plying between Quebec and the fur country, especially the porkeaters (def. 1a).
Go to full entry >a school for training pupils in non-academic subjects.
Go to full entry >n. in the Hudson's Bay Company, any officer of the rank of assistant clerk or above.
Go to full entry >1 n. in the fur companies, the senior of all the commissioned officers.
Expand + | Go to full entry >an elementary school open to the children of all the inhabitants of a town or district.
Go to full entry >n. a member of the House of Commons or, in earlier times, of a legislative assembly.
Go to full entry >1 n. the lower house (of elected representatives) in the colonial Parliament.
Expand + | Go to full entry >the lower house (of elected representatives) in the colonial Parliament.
Go to full entry >a building or complex of buildings, usually operated by a community or municipality and often equipped with an arena, swimming pool, and other recreational facilities, serving as a centre for public entertainments, fairs, sporting events, political rallies, etc.
Go to full entry >an extremist sect of the Doukhobors, called Community Doukhobors and dedicated to protesting against the government by disrobing, arson, bombings, and other forms of violence.
Go to full entry >a hall supported by the community for holding dances, meetings, and so on.
Go to full entry >an organization of persons in a particular district interested in providing social and recreational activities for themselves and their families.
Go to full entry >in certain provinces, a centralized high school which offers academic, commercial, and vocational courses.
Go to full entry >1 n. the name applied to the governing class in Upper Canada prior to 1837, and in particular to the executive and legislative councils of that province.
Expand + | Go to full entry >1 n. one of the fur trading companies, especially the Hudson's Bay Company or the North West Company.
Expand + | Go to full entry >an abbreviation of the charter name of the Hudson's Bay Company, often misquoted.
Go to full entry >a settlement or town built by and maintained by a company for its employees, sometimes in a remote part of the bush.
Go to full entry >in the Hudson's Bay Company, any officer of the rank of assistant clerk or above.
Go to full entry >any one of various medals awarded by the Hudson's Bay Company to long-time Servants on their retirement and to deserving Indians.
Go to full entry >in certain provinces, a centralized high school which offers academic, commercial, and vocational courses.
Go to full entry >in certain provinces, a centralized high school which offers academic, commercial, and vocational courses.
Go to full entry >n. an enclosure, corral, or large trap into which the Indians drove buffalo in order to slaughter them.
Go to full entry >1 n. in earliest use in French Canada, one of the ranged lots into which a seigneury was divided, these being held by tenants under feudal custom.
Expand + | Go to full entry >1 a survey line, indicated by blazed trees or other markers, establishing the boundaries of a concession (def. 2), the number of the several lots appearing on fixed posts.
Expand + | Go to full entry >a road built on the road allowance between concessions, following the concession line and connected to other concession roads by side roads, the distance separating each being, as a rule, 1¼ miles.
Go to full entry >a survey line, indicated by blazed trees or other markers, establishing the boundaries of a concession (def. 2), the number of the several lots appearing on fixed posts.
Go to full entry >n. pl. the rural or bush districts as opposed to the urban centres; back concessions.
Go to full entry >1 n. the pilot or guide in charge of a brigade of canoes or other vessels, or of one vessel only.
Expand + | Go to full entry >n. a small mammal of the genus Ochotona, found in the western mountain region.
Go to full entry >n. the joining in federal union, under the British North America Act, of the several provinces consituting the Dominion of Canada, inaugurated in 1867.
Go to full entry >n. the joining in federal union, under the British North America Act, of the several provinces consituting the Dominion of Canada, inaugurated in 1867.
Go to full entry >the initial convention relating to the proposed union of the British North American Provinces, held at Charlottetown in 1864.
Go to full entry >a statutory holiday celebrated annually on July 1 in commemoration of the creation of the Dominion of Canada, July 1, 1867.
Go to full entry >any of the delegates to the conferences at Charlottetown, Quebec, and London, which resulted in Confederation in 1867.
Go to full entry >the site of the National War Memorial in Ottawa, near the Parliament Buildings.
Go to full entry >1 n. an Indian magician or shaman who practises healing by means of charms and the exorcism of evil spirits or by practical remedies such as administering herbs and sweat baths.
Expand + | Go to full entry >among Indians, a small, hut-like structure used by a medicine man (def. 1a) to demonstrate his magical powers by freeing himself from bonds and conversing with spirits.
Go to full entry >among Indians and Eskimos, a ritual dance led by a shaman with the purpose of propitiating the spirits.
Go to full entry >n. among Indians, a small, hut-like structure used by a medicine man (def. 1 a) to demonstrate his magical powers by freeing himself from bonds and conversing with spirits.
Go to full entry >n. a fresh-water food fish, Stenodus mackenzii, native to the rivers and lakes of the Yukon and the Northwest Territories, having pinkish flesh when prime and averaging about twelve pounds, though occasionally running as high as forty.
Go to full entry >n. a person who favored a policy of compulsory military service during the First World War.
Go to full entry >an official of a government department concerned with the conservation of game.
Go to full entry >n. the body of principles held by Conservatives; the platform of the Conservative Party or, more recently, the Progressive-Conservative Party.
Go to full entry >1 n. in colonial times, a supporter of the British connection (def. 2) and of colonial constitutions; a member of the political party endorsing these views; Tory.
Expand + | Go to full entry >formerly, the official name for one of the political groups in Canada, later used informally for the Liberal-Conservative Party and nowadays for the Progressive Conservative Party.
Go to full entry >n. the Conservative group sharing in the Union Government of 1917 under Sir Robert Borden.
Go to full entry >especially in rural districts, a centrally located school taking the place of several smaller schools.
Go to full entry >especially in rural districts, a centrally located school taking the place of several smaller schools.
Go to full entry >n. a supporter of the Constitutional party; a Tory or Conservative.
Go to full entry >the act passed in 1791 which created Upper and Lower Canada on the basis of a British Constitution and with all the machinery of a British colonial province.
Go to full entry >the political group supporting the Constitutional Act of 1791 with its implicit safeguards for the British connection; the Tory Party, precursors of the Conservative Party in Canada.
Go to full entry >in the 1830's in Upper Canada, an organization dedicated to the movement for reform, in opposition to the Family Compact (def. 1).
Go to full entry >in Upper Canada, a supporter of reform by constitutional means; a moderate Reformer.
Go to full entry >a society of Tories organized in 1836-37 with the purpose of maintaining the British position in Lower Canada, then in ferment because of the Patriotes.
Go to full entry >n. a supporter of the Constitutional party; a Tory or Conservative.
Go to full entry >n. a supporter of the Constitutional party; a Tory or Conservative.
Go to full entry >a plant of the wintergreen family, Pyrola americana, used as a medicine in colonial times.
Go to full entry >a bed having a box spring and mattress but no head or foot boards.
Go to full entry >the great watershed in the Rockies which divides the rivers flowing west to the Pacific from those flowing east and north; the Great Divide.
Go to full entry >the great watershed in the Rockies which divides the rivers flowing west to the Pacific from those flowing east and north; the Great Divide.
Go to full entry >in rural Ontario, a small secondary school coming under the jurisdiction of a municipal public-school board.
Go to full entry >beaver skins trapped contrary to the provisions of the game act.
Go to full entry >in the scow brigades of the Northwest, a scow equipped for the preparing and serving of meals.
Go to full entry >a mobile cookhouse used by threshing crews, cat-swing crews, and other workers.
Go to full entry >in the scow brigades of the Northwest, a scow equipped for the preparing and serving of meals.
Go to full entry >a long-handled shovel used to bury bake kettles in hot sand in a camboose (def. 2).
Go to full entry >n. in a work camp, a building where cooking is done and meals are served.
Go to full entry >n. in a work camp, a building where cooking is done and meals are served.
Go to full entry >1 n. in work camps, a place where meals are cooked and eaten; cookhouse; kitchen.
Expand + | Go to full entry >a strongly built raft for accommodating the cook's caboose (def. lb), gear, and supplies, used for preparing meals during a timber drive.
Go to full entry >n. in a work camp, a building where cooking is done and meals are served.
Go to full entry >a sheet of cowhide or, nowadays, canvas, lashed under the bed of a chuckwagon, and used to carry fuel.
Go to full entry >a small, brown, eastern sub-species, Cryptoglaux acadica acadica, of the saw-whet.
Go to full entry >a kind of snuff, prepared damp and in grated form, usually chewed; chewing stuff
Go to full entry >1a n. in colonial times, a copper coin valued at one half-penny in York currency. See 1844 quote.
Expand + | Go to full entry >the region of the Coppermine River, Mackenzie District, where native copper is to be found.
Go to full entry >v. draw or lead a canoe, boat, scow, etc, through rapids, shallows, or other difficult stretches of water by means of a line or lines running from the craft to a man, or men, on the bank or shore. See fist note at at track (def. 1).
Go to full entry >1 n. a road over swampy or muddy terrain built of logs laid side by side at right angles to the way.
Expand + | Go to full entry >v. surface or bridge a swampy place with logs laid side by side at right angles to the way.
Go to full entry >1 a short stretch of corduroy road, bridging a swamp, muskeg, etc.
Expand + | Go to full entry >a road over swampy or muddy terrain built of logs laid side by side at right angles to the way.
Go to full entry >n. the edible skin of narwhal and beluga, called muktuk by the Eskimos, eaten fresh and raw by them but usually cooked by whites.
Go to full entry >a strong boot the sole of which is studded with steel spikes, or caulks, used by loggers to keep from slipping on wet or sloping logs.
Go to full entry >n. a district Ottawa (c1830-50) where Irish canal laborers and loggers lived in a shacktown.
Go to full entry >n. an affair where neighbors gathered to husk corn and to enjoy social activities.
Go to full entry >an affair where neighbors gathered to husk corn and to enjoy social activities.
Go to full entry >an affair where neighbors gathered to husk corn and to enjoy social activities.
Go to full entry >a mound of earth used on the prairies to mark the corner of a section or other subdivision of land.
Go to full entry >n. a blaze (def. 1) cut in a tree to mark the corner of a lot or limit.
Go to full entry >a pumping device consisting of a large wheel overshot from a flume, used for draining placer claims.
Go to full entry >a pale parasitic plant, Monotropa uniflora, found in compost in damp places.
Go to full entry >1 n. a temporary enclosure of wagons, Red River carts, etc. set up overnight or under conditions of danger on the trail.
Expand + | Go to full entry >1 v. enclose horses or cattle in a temporary ring of wagons or carts.
Expand + | Go to full entry >1 n. in French Canada, the obligation of a tenant to perform a certain amount of manual labor for the seigneur as one of the conditions of holding land, usually involving the repair of roads and bridges or the supplying of building stone and wood.
Expand + | Go to full entry >n. an unpretentious residence built, as a rule, on or near a lake or river; a summer cottage.
Go to full entry >1 n. any of several trees of the genus Populus especially the black poplar, P. trichocarpa.
Expand + | Go to full entry >a dug-out canoe fashioned from the trunk of the black cottonwood, Populus trichocarpa, used by the Indians of the interior of British Columbia.
Go to full entry >n. a large, wild cat, Felis concolor, once common but now confined to southwestern Canada.
Go to full entry >n. a double-ball game somewhat resembling lacrosse and played by Indian women in eastern Canada on the ice or in a natural clearing.
Go to full entry >n. an elective administrative body at the municipal level, as for a village, town, city, township, county, or district.
Go to full entry >a natural elevation, such as a hill or bluff (def. 2), on the prairie, affording a vantage point for an encampment of Indians holding pow-wows, looking for herds of buffalo, etc.
Go to full entry >among Indians, a building in which leaders meet to discuss matters of importance to the band.
Go to full entry >a temporary council house erected for a particular occasion, such as an intertribal pow-wow.
Go to full entry >the governing council of the Red River Colony (Assiniboia) from 1835-1870, made up of a president, namely the Governor of the Hudson's Bay Company, and councillors appointed by the Company.
Go to full entry >1 n. in pre-Confederation days, an appointed member of the Executive Council or Legislative Council, the second chamber of the legislature; now in Quebec only.
Expand + | Go to full entry >among fur traders and pioneers, a common-law marriage between a white man and an Indian girl.
Go to full entry >a specially designed building equipped to unload grain from trucks, carry it to a storage area, and, when required, transfer it to railway cars.
Go to full entry >game and other food available from the forests and streams of the country.
Go to full entry >among fur traders and pioneers, a common-law marriage between a white man and an Indian girl.
Go to full entry >game and other food available from the forests and streams of the country.
Go to full entry >a low sledlike contrivance, sometimes having shaped log-runners, used for removing stones from fields and for other heavy hauling
Go to full entry >a general store catering to local farmers and country people, often on a credit basis.
Go to full entry >1 either of two closely related evergreen shrubs, Ledum groenlandicum and L. decumbens var. palustre.
Expand + | Go to full entry >adj. made in Canada; not imported (with special reference to things manufactured for trade with the Indians).
Go to full entry >n. in certain provinces, the largest political subdivision having its own municipal government.
Go to full entry >in Nova Scotia, an elected member of a county council; elsewhere an elected town or township reeve sitting on such a council.
Go to full entry >the court having jurisdiction over matters relating to a county and dealing with civil actions.
Go to full entry >a secondary road, the maintaining of which is the responsibility of the county, as opposed to a highway maintained by the provincial or federal government.
Go to full entry >in Ontario, the chairman of the county council, himself a township reeve, selected for the chair by his fellow reeves on the council.
Go to full entry >1 n. among the Plains Indians: the act of striking or touching an enemy in warfare with the bow, the gun, or a ceremonial coupstick (def. 2).
Expand + | Go to full entry >1 n. an unlicensed trader who ranged the forest in search of furs.
Expand + | Go to full entry >n. a buffalo hunt in which the animals were pursued on horseback rather than impounded.
Go to full entry >a wood-working knife usually having a crooked handle and, often, a hook at one end of the blade, used widely in the north, especially by the Indians, for making snowshoes, fur stretchers, canoes, and all woodwork. See crooked knife and picture.
Go to full entry >originally the common law of northern France, a code of laws instituted in New France in 1663 and contributing much to the civil code in force in modern Quebec.
Go to full entry >1 n. one of a number of coves on the St. Lawrence River, near Quebec, where square timbers, staves, spars, etc. for export were stored in booms for trans-shipping after being rafted down from the lumber camps.
Expand + | Go to full entry >n. in hockey, a forward assigned to follow and check constantly the opposing player on the line facing him.
Go to full entry >1 n. in ice hockey and lacrosse, one of two defensive players (the other called the point) who take up positions just in front of the goalkeeper; also, the position of this player.
Expand + | Go to full entry >a roofed wooden bridge, long a characteristic of the eastern provinces.
Go to full entry >a seasonal camp some distance from the main buildings of a ranch, used at roundup time for branding, vaccinating, etc.
Go to full entry >a variety of maize, Zea mays tunicata, having an envelope of husk around each kernel as well as around the entire cob.
Go to full entry >an oval, water-worn cobblestone, resembling a cow's tongue in shape, often found in numbers and forming a kind of pavement in a stream bed, believed by placer miners to indicate the probable presence of gold.
Go to full entry >1 n. a small, black bird, Molothrus ater, having a short bill and bright eyes, noted for its practice of laying eggs in the nests of other birds and for its symbiotic attendance on cattle.
Expand + | Go to full entry >1 n. a man who works as a rider on a cattle or horse ranch.
Expand + | Go to full entry >n. a woman who works on a ranch, takes part in rodeos, etc., dressing in western-style clothes.
Go to full entry >n. one of a series of depressions and ridges caused by impacted snow on a winter road, a source of much jolting and bouncing to passengers in sleighs, carioles, etc.
Go to full entry >a heavy sweater of gray, unbleached wool, knitted by the Cowichan Indians of southern Vancouver Island, distinguished by symbolic designs, originally black and white, now sometimes multi-colored.
Go to full entry >n. a town largely dependent on the cattle business; a shipping point for cattle.
Go to full entry >1 n. a small wolf, Canis latrans, usually associated with the prairies but found across Canada, mainly in the region south of the range of the larger timber wolf.
Expand + | Go to full entry >n. a mixture of Canadian French, Cree and, sometimes English spoken by the Métis of the older generation.
Go to full entry >1 a person of mixed Indian and European, especially French, parentage; half-breed.
Expand + | Go to full entry >n. a cradle woven of vegetable fibres, used by the Indians of central British Columbia.
Go to full entry >n. a thin, rectangular board to which a moss bag is fastened and in which infants are carried.
Go to full entry >n. a cradle-shaped hole left in the ground when a large tree is overthrown by a gale, carrying the soil from the hole in its roots.
Go to full entry >a federal government official who advises and assists Indians and Eskimos in producing and marketing handicrafts.
Go to full entry >n. a device consisting of an upright axle and a horizontal arm to swing kettles and pots on and off an open fire.
Go to full entry >a shrub, Viburnum opulus; also the reddish, tart berry of this shrub.
Go to full entry >1 v. body-check heavily so as to knock sprawling and shake up seriously.
Expand + | Go to full entry >n. in hockey and lacrosse, the marked area in front of the goal reserved for the goal tender and prohibited to attacking players except when the puck or ball is inside it; goal crease.
Go to full entry >n. a supporter of the Quebec wing of the Social Credit party; specifically, a Member of Parliament representing this group.
Go to full entry >a type of snowshoe used by the Cree Indians. See quote. See picture at snowshoe.
Go to full entry >a syllabary devised by the Reverend James Evans, a Wesleyan missionary, for the Crees (about 1840) and adapted to Eskimo toward the end of the nineteenth century.
Go to full entry >a syllabary devised by the Reverend James Evans, a Wesleyan missionary, for the Crees (about 1840) and adapted to Eskimo toward the end of the nineteenth century.
Go to full entry >n. in West Coast Indian beliefs, the spiritual beings who control the creeks.
Go to full entry >n. one of a pair of metal bands or plates equipped with caulks (def. 1) or spikes and attached to boots or overshoes for walking on icy surfaces.
Go to full entry >one of a number of sharp spikes set into an iron plate that fits over a shoe or boot, or set in the sole of the boot itself; also, the fitted patten.
Go to full entry >1 n. among West Coast Indians: the symbol of a social group such as a clan or phratry.
Expand + | Go to full entry >1a n. in the Ottawa Valley especially, one of the small units or assemblages of logs that, in groups of 25 or 30, formed a raft of timber, used in driving from the camps to the mills or shipping points.
Expand + | Go to full entry >an artificial sluiceway down which logs or cribs may be directed to avoid rapids, falls, or other obstructions in a river.
Go to full entry >n. a horse that has the habit of biting his manger or other object and noisily sucking in his breath; crib-biter.
Go to full entry >snow reddened by an alga, Protococcus nivalis, found in Arctic and Alpine regions.
Go to full entry >n. a wood-working knife usually having a crooked handle and, often, a hook at one end of the blade, used widely in the north, especially by the Indians, for making snowshoes, fur stretchers, canoes, and all woodwork.
Go to full entry >n. equipment and supplies to outfit a ship for a sealing, whaling, or fishing voyage.
Go to full entry >1 n. a color-phase of the red fox, Vulpes fulva, marked with a cross over the shoulders.
Expand + | Go to full entry >a road running at right angles to and joining two concession roads, or other main roads; side road.
Go to full entry >n. a type of rail fence in which the horizontal rail is set in the crotch of two crossed uprights, the ends of which are driven into the ground.
Go to full entry >n. a color-phase of the red fox, Vulpes fulva, marked with a cross over the shoulders.
Go to full entry >n. a number of candidates chosen from opposing political parties or groupings; a non-partisan group of candidates.
Go to full entry >a pack-saddle resembling a saw-horse, much used in pack trains.
Go to full entry >a color-phase of the red fox, Vulpes fulva, marked with a cross over the shoulders.
Go to full entry >n. an open stretch of water, as a widening in a river or a course across a lake, where canoes or boats are required to leave the shelter of the shoreline.
Go to full entry >n. a log or timber set across a stream to serve as a foot-bridge.
Go to full entry >the double-crested cormorant, Phalacrocorax auritus, so called because its color suggests a crow and its habits a duck.
Go to full entry >n. the eastern kingbird, Tyrannus tyrannus, from its habit of driving other birds from its nesting site.
Go to full entry >n. a horse's way of arching the back and making a series of stiff-legged little jumps as if about to buck.
Go to full entry >n. a lined mukluk or boot usually having a short upper of muskrat fur and thick soles of moosehide.
Go to full entry >n. especially of willows, that part of a tree where the root system merges with the trunk.
Go to full entry >v. of forest fires, burn in the tops of trees rather than along the ground.
Go to full entry >a company owned and operated by the government, federal or provincial.
Go to full entry >a forest fire that spreads by jumping from the top, or crown, of one tree to that of another.
Go to full entry >unsettled land held by the state in the name of the Crown; in earlier use, often a synonym for Crown reserve.
Go to full entry >1 a tract of land set apart to assure the Crown a source of revenue free from the control of the colonial legislature.
Expand + | Go to full entry >1 v. travel through the country to appraise its potential in natural resources.
Expand + | Go to full entry >n. one of the lines marked out by a cruiser (def. 1) while assessing a stand of timber.
Go to full entry >a thick woollen cloth suitable for Mackinaw coats and similar heavy garments.
Go to full entry >n. a layer of frozen snow overlying softer snow, formed by the melting and refreezing of the surface, aided by wind compaction.
Go to full entry >a gift for which nothing is expected in return, especially one of little value.
Go to full entry >1 a maple tree, Acer saccharum, found in Canada from Lake Superior eastward and commercially valuable for its hard wood and for its sap, which is used in making maple sugar and syrup; also, its wood.
Expand + | Go to full entry >n. a winter sport first popular in Scotland, played by two teams of four players, each of whom slides, in turn, two stones down the surface of a sheet of ice, a team's object being to finish with its stones closest to the "tee" in the centre of the target area.
Go to full entry >a curling stone, so called because earlier "stones" were often made of iron.
Go to full entry >1 a maple tree, Acer saccharum, found in Canada from Lake Superior eastward and commercially valuable for its hard wood and for its sap, which is used in making maple sugar and syrup; also, its wood.
Expand + | Go to full entry >originally the common law of northern France, a code of laws instituted in New France in 1663 and contributing much to the civil code in force in modern Quebec.
Go to full entry >1 n. a way cut through rock or gravel in building a road, canal, or railway.
Expand + | Go to full entry >1 n. in preparing fish for salting, the person who guts the fish and all but severs its head, making it ready to be snapped off by the header.
Expand + | Go to full entry >1 n. a road or trail that cuts off a loop or bend in an older road, thus reducing the distance to be travelled.
Expand + | Go to full entry >a large trout of western Canada, Salmo clarkii, so called from a red streak under each side of the lower jaw.
Go to full entry >a horse specially trained to separate cattle, one by one, from a herd.
Go to full entry >1 n. one of several species of pine tree, especially the Banksian and the lodge-pole.
Expand + | Go to full entry >n. one of several species of pine tree, especially the Banksian and the lodge-pole.
Go to full entry >n. a canton or settlement along a river on the outskirts of a town or city.
Go to full entry >n. a bag made from the flank skins of buffalo and used for carrying pemmican.
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