1712  (1958)  . . . and as for the standard [of trade] as it is you will find your overplus considerable if you please for to look in your books.
1959  . . . much of the trouble came from the "Overplus system" whereby the traders gave short measure and cheated the Indians . . . by the sleight of hand practised on them.
1965  The "overplus" was the margin by which the Company's traders improved upon the terms of barter with the Indians laid down in the standard of trade. Had the standard been strictly followed the number of beaver skins taken in a year (together with other goods made beaver) would have equalled the beaver-equivalent of goods expended at the Company's factories. . . . In practice the number of skins taken exceeds the number expended in every year in this period for which a record survives.