1. the title and opening words of one of Canada's national songs or anthems, composed in 1880 by Calixa Lavallée (1842-91), the original French words being by Hon. Sir Adolphe Routhier (1839-1920) and the most generally known English words being written in 1908 by the Hon. R. Stanley Weir (1856-1926).
Go to full entry >1. a labor organization formed at Calgary in 1919 on an industrial rather than a craft basis; also, a member of this organization.
Go to full entry >1. a relatively open tract of light, sandy soil supporting only a few oak trees in contrast to heavily wooded surroundings.
Go to full entry >1. a relatively open tract of light, sandy soil supporting only a few oak trees in contrast to heavily wooded surroundings.
Go to full entry >1. n. among goldseekers in the Cariboo, a person from the Canadas; a Canadian.
Go to full entry >1. adj. a reference to Indians who do not live on a reserve, or to services provided for Indians or to activities engaged in by Indians outside reserves.
Go to full entry >1. an Indian who is not classed as a registered Indian, and to whom the Indian Act does not apply.
Go to full entry >1. n. one of the languages of government and governmental institutions on either federal, provincial or territorial levels.
Go to full entry >1. n. a famed monster reported as being seen from time to time in Okanagan Lake, B.C.
Go to full entry >1. excitement caused by desire to profit from an oil discovery, as in Petrolia, Ontario, about 1860.
Go to full entry >1. an extensive sand formation along the Athabasca River impregnated with petroleum oil and tar.
Go to full entry >1. n.pl. waterproof clothing, originally oilskins but now often made of a kind of rubberized fabric.
Go to full entry >1. n.pl. waterproof clothing, originally oilskins but now often made of a kind of rubberized fabric.
Go to full entry >1. n. a cow's milk cheese with a hand-washed rind, originally made by Trappist monks in Quebec. See Image 1.
Go to full entry >1. n. place name that has come to refer to the 1990 armed stand-off over land rights between the local Mohawk people, the Sûreté du Québec and the Canadian Army.
Go to full entry >1. n. a kind of cheese cured by painting with brine, made by the Trappist monks of Oka, Quebec.
Go to full entry >1. n. a federal pension program that oversees the payment of pensions to Canadian citizens over a certain age (now 65).
Go to full entry >1. Sir JohA. Macdonald (1815-1891), first Prime Minister of Canada, so called because of his practice of putting off difficult decisions that time might be expected to make unnecessary.
Go to full entry >1. the name applied to the governing class in Upper Canada prior to 1837, and in particular to the executive and legislative councils of that province.
Go to full entry >1. the popular and traditional name of the Company of Adventurers of England trading into Hudson's Bay, chartered by Charles II in 1670.
Expand + | Go to full entry >1. the country of one's origin (other than Canada), especially the British Isles. See also Old Land and other side.
Go to full entry >1. the name applied to the governing class in Upper Canada prior to 1837, and in particular to the executive and legislative councils of that province.
Go to full entry >1. a time of festivity when former residents of a community or members of a family return for the celebrations.
Go to full entry >1. the Hudson's Bay Company, so called from the address of its London (England) head office.
Go to full entry >1. the country of one's origin (other than Canada), especially the British Isles.
Go to full entry >1. a log that has lain underwater for some time, having sunk during an earlier drive, retrieved for drying out and processing as lumber.
Go to full entry >1. a memberof the first contingent of the First Canadian Division of World War I.
Go to full entry >1. either the Liberal or the Progressive Conservative Party, as opposed to more recently founded smaller parties on the Canadian political scene.
Go to full entry >1. that part of Quebec which was formerly known as Lower Canada, especially the communities of the St. Lawrence Valley.
Go to full entry >1. a certificate issued following the Northwest Rebellions to Metis as compensation for lost lands and entitling the bearer to 240 acres.
Go to full entry >1. Sir JohA. Macdonald (1815-1891), first Prime Minister of Canada, so called because of his practice of putting off difficult decisions that time might be expected to make unnecessary.
Go to full entry >1. either the Liberal or the Progressive Conservative Party, as opposed to more recently founded smaller parties on the Canadian political scene.
Go to full entry >1. a labor organization formed at Calgary in 1919 on an industrial rather than a craft basis; also, a member of this organization. Abbrev. O.B.U.
Go to full entry >1. n. an apartment with a combined living/bedroom/kitchen and a separate bathroom; a bachelor apartment.
Go to full entry >1. n. a shot in hockey where a player receives a pass and instantly shoots the puck without trying to control it first; a quick, powerful redirection of the puck (see Video).
Go to full entry >1. a sealer containing jam made from one part of sugar to four parts of berries.
Go to full entry >1. n. a doll resembling an owl, first made of sealskin by an Eskimo in 1963, subsequently adopted as a symbol in Canadian handicrafts exhibits abroad, and now being mass-produced under permit for general sale.
Go to full entry >1. n. a small fish, Thaleicthys pacificus, of the smelt family, native to the Pacific coast.
Go to full entry >1. a clear, edible oil rendered from the oolachan and long a highly valuable food and trade item among the Coast and Inland Indians of British Columbia.
Go to full entry >1. a clear, edible oil rendered from the oolachan and long a highly valuable food and trade item among the Coast and Inland Indians of British Columbia.
Go to full entry >1. n. an Eskimo woman's general purpose knife, having a crescent-shaped blade and a handle of bone, ivory, wood, etc.
Go to full entry >1. n. a skin boat, 30-40 feet long, 4-5 feet wide, and 3 feet deep, having a flat bottom and narrowing at bow and stern, used for carrying freight and passengers and traditionally rowed by Eskimo women.
Go to full entry >1. n. a kind of tupek having the appearance of an inverted oomiak, used by certain Eskimos.
Go to full entry >1. adj. of skins, removed by slitting along the underside and down each leg so as to be cured by stretching flat.
Expand + | Go to full entry >1. a cariole (def. 1) having no cab as protection from the weather.
Go to full entry >1. n. a town not controlled by the company whose employees make up most of the residents.
Go to full entry >1. n. the spring thawing of the ice on rivers and lakes, especially the point in time when the ice breaks into pieces that are flushed away by the current.
Expand + | Go to full entry >1. a store where used clothing and certain other items are available at reduced prices, often run for charitable purposes, for community-sponsored organizations, etc.
Go to full entry >1. a convivial fraternity organized by Champlain in 1604 to promote recreation and relaxation in the first French colony in Canada, at St. Croix Island in 1604 and from 1605 at Port Royal, Nova Scotia.
Go to full entry >1. n. the vast region lying between California and Alaska on the Pacific coast of North America, that part south of the 49th parallel being ceded to the United States by Great Britain in 1846.
Go to full entry >1. the vast region lying between California and Alaska on the Pacific coast of North America, that part south of the 49th parallel being ceded to the United States by Great Britain in 1846.
Go to full entry >1. n. the dispute (1818-1846) between Great Britain and the United States over the Oregon country, settled by division at the present British Columbia-Oregon border.
Go to full entry >1. a jay, Perisoreus obscurus obscurus, resembling the Canada jay for which it is sometimes mistaken.
Go to full entry >1. the dispute (1818-1846) between Great Britain and the United States over the Oregon country, settled by division at the present British Columbia-Oregon border.
Go to full entry >1. the 1846 treaty settling the Oregon question officially called the Washington Treaty.
Go to full entry >1. n. a native of the Orkney Islands of Scotland serving in the fur trade, especially with the Hudson's Bay Company.
Go to full entry >1. one of a sect of Doukhobors that does not subscribe to acts of terrorism. See 1963 quote.
Go to full entry >1. a large race of caribou (def. 1), Rangifer tarandus osborni, of northern British Columbia and the southern Yukon, now regarded as identical with the woodland caribou.
Go to full entry >1. bee balm, Monarda didyma, or wild bergamot, M. fistulosa, both used by Indians and early settlers for their medicinal properties.
Go to full entry >1. a large freight canoe, measuring about 40 feet and capable of carrying 4 to 5 tons, used for the voyage from Montreal to the Grand Portage. [See picture at Montreal canoe]
Go to full entry >1. n. a famous light monoplane much used in bush flying in the Canadian North, manufactured by DeHavilland Aircraft of Canada Ltd.
Go to full entry >1. n. a species of small fresh-water salmon, Salmo salar ouananiche, native especially to Lake St. John and certain other lakes in Ontario and Quebec.
Go to full entry >1. n. any port other than St. John's, especially one of the many small, isolated fishing villages on the coasts of Newfoundland and Labrador.
Go to full entry >1. n. a trader or agent who wintered on the trail with Indian hunting parties.
Go to full entry >1. n. a temporary shelter such as might be used by a trapper out tending his line.
Go to full entry >1. n. a temporary shelter such as might be used by a trapper out tending his line.
Expand + | Go to full entry >1. n. the annual shipment of trading goods and supplies sent by a fur company to its trading posts collectively; also, any part of this shipment dispatched to or received by any particular post.
Expand + | Go to full entry >1. Fur Trade a number marked on all packages shipped as part of an outfit (def. la).
Go to full entry >1. n. guide and manager of an expedition, as a hunting or exploring party in the wilderness.
Expand + | Go to full entry >1. n. any port other than St. John's, especially one of the many small, isolated fishing villages on the coasts of Newfoundland and Labrador.
Expand + | Go to full entry >1. n. a trading post in the interior; especially a temporary trading station dependent on a larger and more permanent post.
Expand + | Go to full entry >1. a large open space in a mountain valley far enough from the home ranch to justify the building of temporary quarters for the crew cutting and stacking the annual crop of hay.
Go to full entry >1. n. in a chuckwagon race, one of the four riders who load the wagon, direct the horses during the starting turns, and gallop with the outfit to the finish line.
Go to full entry >1. adv. away from or beyond the northern parts of Canada; in or to the outside (def. la).
Go to full entry >1. n. originally among fur traders and now generally in the North, the settled, civilized parts of Canada; civilization.
Expand + | Go to full entry >1. n. a person of or from the settled part of Canada; a non-resident of the North.
Go to full entry >1. n. water covering all or part of the frozen surface of a river or lake, having been forced by expansion through cracks and fissures in the ice.
Go to full entry >1. v. of water in rivers and lakes, rise under pressure of expansion through cracks and fissures to cover the ice on the surface.
Go to full entry >1. n. water covering all or part of the frozen surface of a river or lake, having been forced by expansion through cracks and fissures in the ice.
Go to full entry >1. n. one of a group of people from the Canadas who, in 1862, undertook a long and arduous journey overland from Ontario to the Cariboo goldfields in British Columbia.
Go to full entry >1. a special train which each year takes a party of Maritimers overland on a tour of Canada.
Go to full entry >1. adj. having to do with or intended for travelling over snow during winter.
Go to full entry >1. n. a person or corporation owning real property within a municipality and thus entitled to vote on money by-laws in municipal elections.
Go to full entry >1. n. a low sled or stoneboat that slid on wooden runners made from shaped logs, pulled by an ox or by oxen.
Go to full entry >1. a boot or shoe of ox or buffalo hide, used by voyageurs, canoemen, settlers, etc., usually of local manufacture.
Go to full entry >1. an annual occasion for consuming vast quantities of oysters and liquor during neighborly visits within the community.
Go to full entry >1. dense mudlike deposits of the remains of generations of bivalves and crustaceans, rich in lime and valuable as fertilizer.
Go to full entry >1. a public house where one could drink liquor and eat oysters; oyster bar.
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